ATLANTA 鈥 A graduate of the Milwaukee Brewers鈥 pacesetting pipeline of pitchers who went on to earn a record-setting fortune in Houston, lefty Josh Hader said he tries to 鈥渒eep up鈥 with his former teams, and when it comes to the Brew Crew, he sees exactly what hitters do.
鈥淰elocity, velocity, velocity,鈥 Hader said.
The Brewers鈥 closer, Trevor Megill, who leads that group with an average four-seam fastball of 99.0 mph, put names to the speed when asked Monday at the start of All-Star week in Atlanta. Aaron Ashby is 鈥渂ack into the mix鈥 at 97-98 mph, he said. Jared Koenig hit 99 mph 鈥渢he other day,鈥 Nick Means is 鈥渂ack throwing 98 mph again,鈥 and Abner Uribe 鈥渢hrows 102, 103.鈥 And that鈥檚 just what the Brewers鈥 bullpen is throwing at opponents.

Milwaukee Brewers pitcher Jacob Misiorowski throws against the Cardinals鈥 Lars Nootbaar as he makes his major league debut during the first inning Thursday, June 12, 2025, in Milwaukee.
In one of the most revealing decisions of the direction baseball鈥檚 speed game is going 鈥 and going fast 鈥 Brewers鈥 rookie Jacob Misiorowski was commissioner Rob Manfred鈥檚 late addition to the National League鈥檚 All-Star Game roster. He leapfrogged other deserving pitchers, several of them veterans, despite making his big-league debut only four weeks earlier against the Cardinals. His inning in the All-Star Game was his sixth appearance as a Brewer in the regular season, and it鈥檚 clear the choice was influenced by a number greater than his five starts.
It鈥檚 right there on the radar: 103 mph.
鈥淥n that kind of note, it seems like every series you play a team and they鈥檝e got a reliever who you鈥檝e never heard of who sits 99 mph to 100 mph and has a wipeout off-speed pitch, and it鈥檚 just that over and over and over again,鈥 said Athletics slugger Brent Rooker when I asked how fitting it was that the NL could just pluck a last-minute, 103-mph fastball out of the air for its roster. 鈥淓ventually, those are the guys who become the relievers in the All-Star Game. Teams are just cycling through guys and there is so much depth in terms of the backend of bullpens and so much stuff. I don鈥檛 think it鈥檚 ever been tougher to hit.鈥
In Tuesday鈥檚 All-Star Game at Atlanta鈥檚 Truist Park, there were 21 pitches that left fingertips at 100 mph or swifter. The seven fastest came from Misiorowski鈥檚 hand.
The Midsummer Classic was a showcase of the game鈥檚 increasing velocity and an extreme example of how the Cardinals must catch up. The amateur draft at the start of the week was a peek into their solution.
They have a need 鈥 a need for speed.
鈥淭hat鈥檚 just the evolution of the game,鈥 Hall of Fame-bound and Dodgers lefty Clayton Kershaw said in the NL鈥檚 clubhouse before Tuesday鈥檚 game. 鈥淚 think everybody is throwing harder with better breaking balls, max-effort, and that鈥檚 not changing any time soon.鈥
鈥淵eah, velocity is great,鈥 said Houston starter Hunter Brown, who has a 2.43 ERA and is third in American League with 137 strikeouts. 鈥淲e鈥檙e seeing some crazy numbers as guys are just throwing harder and harder. I think it鈥檚 clear that the harder you throw, the better results that you鈥檒l get. It鈥檚 always been chased after. It gives you an opportunity to have some leeway in the strike zone.鈥
Added his teammate Hader: 鈥淭hat鈥檚 why velocity is such a key part of the game right now 鈥 you can get a guy who throws 99 mph and throws it middle-middle and it might not go middle-middle but it gives him the opportunity to still get a guy out.鈥
The average four-seam fastball鈥檚 speed has steadily climbed in recent years, from 91.9 mph in 2008, the first year of reliable data, to 94.4 mph this season. There were 170 pitches in this past week鈥檚 All-Star Game that were faster than the major-league average. Twenty-two of the 35 pitchers on the rosters for the game averaged faster than 95 mph on their fastball.
The Cardinals, likewise, have revved-up their average velocity in recent years. After back-to-back seasons ranking sixth-slowest 鈥 if that鈥檚 the appropriate word 鈥 in average team fastball speed, the Cardinals are up to 16th this season, at 94.3 mph. They, however, have thrown the fewest four-seam fastballs in the majors 鈥 by more than 100. Their whiff-rate on four-seam fastballs ranks 29th, at 17.3%, and they have the seventh-lowest whiff rate against all fastballs, at 18.5%. That contributes to the lowest strikeout rate (7.38 strikeouts-per-nine) in the majors at sea level, ranking behind only the team the Cardinals visit this week 鈥 the Rockies.

Cardinals pitcher Ryan Helsley throws in the ninth inning against the Astros on Wednesday, April 16, 2025, at Busch Stadium.
The Cardinals鈥 bullpen is the team鈥檚 booster rocket, ranking among the leaders in average fastball speed. Five relievers average faster than 95 mph, paced by closer Ryan Helsley鈥檚 99.0 mph and Riley O鈥橞rien鈥檚 98.2 mph.
A majority of the Cardinals鈥 rotation pitches to contact 鈥 a classic formula since the days of Dave Duncan meant to take advantage of superb defense. But as the game speeds up for rivals, the drawback becomes more prominent. Manager Oliver Marmol mentioned it to reporters again Friday night in Arizona as groundball-getter Andre Pallante allowed six runs in 4 2/3 innings of a 7-3 loss: 鈥淲hen it鈥檚 at people, (he) has a good outing. That鈥檚 what you have to live and die with when you have guys in the rotation that pitch to contact.鈥
鈥淲e鈥檝e talked about this enough, right?鈥 The manager said.
It cannot be talked about enough because fewer balls in play is increasingly the game 鈥 even a few seasons after Major League Baseball changed rules to spur more balls in play. Quick outs, pitch efficiency, and getting the defense involved can still win games, but with less emphasis on innings from starters there is more on stuff and whiffs.
Rooker put it best during our conversation in the AL clubhouse Tuesday.
鈥淚 think teams have discovered the most-efficient way to prevent runs from scoring is to not let anyone hit the ball,鈥 he said. 鈥淭hat is going to be the goal. In terms of the game becoming optimized and teams trying to do things as efficiently as possible, from a pitching perspective, if they don鈥檛 put the ball in play, it鈥檚 way tougher to score. That goal is obvious. Chase those whiffs. Get those strikeouts.鈥
That sounds like the Cardinals鈥 game plan for the draft.
With the fifth overall pick, the Cardinals selected Tennessee lefty Liam Doyle and his 101-mph fastball, one assistant general manager Randy Flores called an 鈥渙utlier鈥 and 鈥渞are鈥 outside of the top picks. Doyle set Vols strikeout records and was among NCAA leaders in strikeout rates. He was the headliner of a draft class that includes a dozen pitchers. The second pitcher taken by the Cardinals, Doyle鈥檚 Vols teammate Tanner Franklin, touches 102 mph on his fastball. Scouting reports for the first five pitchers drafted by the Cardinals mention a fastball that touches 98 mph or faster. Their 13th-round pick Jake Shelagowski, a catcher turned closer, reportedly has a fastball that reaches 100 mph.
Also consider the phrases Baseball America used to describe the Cardinals鈥 picks entering the draft: Doyle has an 鈥渆asy plus pitch on velocity alone,鈥 Franklin carries a 鈥渂ig fastball,鈥 Ethan Young sports a 鈥減ower arsenal,鈥 and Payton Graham is 鈥減ower-armed.鈥
鈥淚t鈥檚 coming. The velocity is coming,鈥 said Kyle Schwarber, the Phillies鈥 designated hitter a few hours before winning the All-Star Game鈥檚 MVP honor. 鈥淚t seems like, on average, every time you can get into that bullpen it鈥檚 pretty much 100-mph arms coming out there at you. Now it feels like that high four-seamer turned into 98 mph with a big, hard curveball and now you鈥檙e coming back to 99 with power sink and power sweeper and different sliders.鈥
Before a recent national broadcast game against the Padres, Schwarber spoke about this spiking velocity with former Cardinals ace Adam Wainwright, part of FOX Sports鈥 broadcast group. They discussed how a decade ago the Cardinals鈥 rotation Schwarber鈥檚 Cubs faced in the postseason was in the low-90s teasing contact and capitalizing on one of the best defensive clubs of the era. (鈥淧ainting and moving the ball around,鈥 Schwarber called it.) Carlos Martinez was the outlier, the lightning bolt with a 98-mph sinker.
So far this season, there are 13 pitchers in the majors who have thrown more than 100 fastballs and average faster than 99 mph.
Two starters in the National League Central, Cincinnati鈥檚 Hunter Greene and Milwaukee鈥檚 Misiorowski, average 99.3 mph on their fastballs and hit triple-digits in late innings. The NL Central also has Pittsburgh phenom Paul Skenes, the NL鈥檚 starter for back-to-back All-Star games, and he averages 98.2 mph on his four-seam, 97.7 mph on his sinker, and 93.7 mph on a split-finger power pitch that needed a new name, 鈥渢he splinker.鈥
All three blowtorch starters are under team control through at least 2029.
That鈥檚 what Cardinals hitters have to look forward to.
鈥淚 think guys are throwing harder than ever and I think guys are throwing consistently harder than ever,鈥 Cardinals鈥 All-Star Brendan Donovan said.
There is a larger conversation enveloping baseball about the cost of accelerating the game鈥檚 velocity. Pitcher injuries are on the rise, and a study by MLB released this past offseason cited max-effort velocity-chasing as a contributor. Pitchers are encouraged to throw harder and harder, younger and younger. Or as Hader, who threw 87 mph before gaining velo as a pro, put it: 鈥淚t鈥檚 like if you鈥檙e not throwing 95-plus, you鈥檙e not getting drafted.鈥 Velocity can also compensate for command. A pitcher can be less fine, less accurate, less on the edges, and perhaps take less time to develop without needing that feel. Thus, they move (ahem) faster to the majors.
All of those factors are in play as teams are heat-seeking more whiffs.
And, as a result, pitchers are seeking more heat.
鈥淚鈥檓 at 103 mph right now, and we鈥檒l see where it goes,鈥 Misiorowski said.
鈥淲e keep seeing it grow and grow and guys throwing harder and harder, so why not?鈥 Brown told me when I asked if there was an upper limit. 鈥淚鈥檓 chasing 200.鈥